Apparatus for tempering glass



Feb. 13,` 1945. o. H. PADDocK ET Al.

APPARATUS FOR TEMPERING GLASS Filed July 19, 1940 5 Sheejs-Sheet l Feb. 13, 1945. o. H, PADDOCK ETAL 2,369,368

APPARATUS FOR TEMPERING GLASS Filed July 19, 1940 5 Sheets-Sheef 2 O. H. PADDOCK ET AL APPARATUS FOR TEMPERING GLASS Feb. 13, 1945.

Filed July 19, 1940 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 nventor OK/VU/VD H. PADDOCK. @JOHN L. DEH/YE.

Ctttorneg Feb. 13, 1945. o. H. PADDOCK ET AL 2,369,358

APPARATUS FOR TEMPERING GLASS Filed July 19, 1940 5 Shee'LS--SheetI 4 Gttomeg Feb. 13, 1945.V Q H PADDOCK ETAL 2,369,368

APPARATUS FOR TEMPERING GLASS i Gttormg Patented Feb.l 13, 1945 APPARATUS FOR TEMPERING GLASS Ormond H. Paddock, Rossford,. and John I..v Drake, Toledo, Ohio, assignors to Libbey- Owens-Ford Glass Company, Toledo, Ohio, a

corporatioirof Ohio Application July 19, 1940, Serial No. 346,402v

9 Claims. (Cl. 49`1) The present invention appertains broadly to the bending and/or tempering of glass'sheets or plates or other glass articles.

More particularly, this invention relates to improved glass handling and heat treating apparatus for the continuous production of tempered glass according vto that method wherein the sheets or plates are heated to a temperature approximating the softening point of the glass and then suddenly cooled, and which is adaptable for producing either fiat or bent (curved) tempered glass sheets or plates.

Generally stated. the apparatus of this invention embodies a horizontally elongated heating furnace having entrance and discharge openings in the top wall thereof adjacent its opposite ends and connected by a relatively narrou7 longitudinal slot. Mounted above the entrance opening of the i furnace is a charging elevator mechanism for introducing the glass sheets or plates into the furnace, while mounted above the discharge opening is a discharge elevator mechanism for withdrawing the heated glass sheets or plates from said furnace. The glass sheets or plates, suspended in a vertical position from `carsor carriers, .are moved in an intermittent step by step fashion from the entrance opening of the furnace to the discharge opening thereof and during such movement the sheets or plates are uniformly heated to a temperature approximating the softening point of the glass, which is in the neighborhood of 1250 degrees F. for ordinary flat glass. Associated with the discharge elevator mechanism is the means for suddenly cooling the heated glass sheets or plates upon withdrawal thereof from the furnace preferably by directing jets or blasts of air against opposite surfaces thereof. Also associated with the discharge elevator mechanism is the means for effecting the bending of the glass sheets or plates to a predetermined curvature prior to cooling if bent glass is being produced.

It is a primary aimI of the invention to provide improved glass' handling and heat treating apparatus of the above character for effecting the continuous production of either iiat or bent temand economically; and which is capable of smooth, gentle operation so that the sheets or plates may be safely handled and transferred from one location or treating station to another with a minimum amount of breakage or injury to the glass.

Among the many other objects of the invention are to provide improved bending Ymeans including wif complemental bending molds for effecting extremely rapid completion of the bending operation with minimum danger of breakage of the glass `and while subjecting the same to a minimum amount of chilling due to contact with said bending molds; to Provide cooling means for effecting `immediate cooling of the glass sheets or Y plates after bending; to provide novel means for mounting and operating the bending molds and cooling means so that they will perform alternate bending and cooling operationsupon a glass sheet or plate while maintained in the same position at a common bending and cooling station; and to provide glass handling and heat treating apparatus for carrying out several operations of the tempering cycle at one time'and with a minimum lapsed time per operation so that maximum production from the apparatus may be obtained.

The inventionl also embodies various other novel features of construction, combination, arrangement and operation which will be more fully hereinafter described and which lend themselves to the provision? of a glass handling and heat treating apparatus of proven practical, commarcial success, satisfactorily fulfilling the above objects and operable in a convenient manner for the continuous production of tempered glass sheets or plates, either flat or bent.

In the drawings, wherein like numerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the Same I pered glass sheets or plates rapidly, efficiently,

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary side elevation oi' the improved glass handling and heat treating apparatus showing particularly the location of the furnace charging and discharge elevators and external conveyor, part of the furnace being broken away;

Fig. 2 is a verticalsection of the discharge elevator taken substantially on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary plan view of the4 discharge end of the furnace and the 4discharge elevator shown in Fig. 2;

Fig.`4 is a view similar to a portion of Fig. 2 but'showing the bending molds in bendingposition at the bending and cooling station;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to portionsof Figs. 2 and 4 but showing the air blast heads in cooling position at the'bending and cooling station;

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section taken substan tially on line 8-6 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 'l is a horizontaal section taken substantially on line 1-1 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a vertical section taken substantially online 8-801' Fig.7; j

Fig. 9 is a vertical transverse section taken substantially on line 3-3 of Fig. 6; l

Fig. 10 is a detail section taken substantially online Il-I5 of Fig. 6; Fig. 11 is a vertical longitudinal section taken substantially on line iI-ll of Fig. 6:

Fig. 12 is a `detail section taken substantially on line |2-I2 of Fig. 3; and

Fig. 13 is a detail -section taken substantially online I3-I3-of Fig. 12. l

Generaistatement of construction and operation of apparatus gated tunnel type construction having top and bottom and side and end walls cooperating to form an elongated heating chamber 25. Any suitable means may be employed for heating the chamber to the desired temperature for supplying heat to the glass such as electric resistors carried by the opposite side walls 21 of the furnace. The electric resistors may be supplied in a suitable manner with energy and the supply of energy may be controlled so as to effect heating of the glass sheets rapidly and uniformly to the desired :final temperature in chamber 25.

'I'he top wall of furnace A is provided with a relatively narrow slot extending longitudinally centrally thereof substantially throughout the length of the furnace, said slot being widened at one'end thereof to provide a furnace entrance opening 3i and at its opposite end a furnace discharge opening 32 (Fig. 2). v

Mounted above the furnace A over the entrance opening 3| in the top/wall thereof is a charging elevator mechanism designated mits entirety by the letter D, Vwhile located' above the furnace over the discharge opening 32 is a discharge elevator mechanism generally indicated by the letter Associated with the charging and discharge elevator mechanisms D and E is an overhead, external conveyor F which extends preferably in the form of a loop (not shown) from the discharge elevator mechanism E to the charging elevator mechanism D to provide a conveyor communication between the discharge elevator andi charging elevator.

The external conveyor F preferably comprises a monorail inverted T-track 33 formed with appropriate straight and curved portions to provide any desired form of loop, and the track 33 may be suspended in any usual manner by suspension members 34 (Fig. 1).

The vexternal conveyor loop-track 33 termi-y nates at one end at the charging elevator mechj anism D to provide a loading station, generally indicated at G, while the other end of said track terminates at the discharge elevator mechanism E to provide an unloading station, generally indicated at H; an end of the station G being adjacent to and elevated substantially vertically above an end of the furnace entrance opening 3|, and an end of the station H being adjacent to and elevated substantially vertically above an end of the furnace discharge opening 32.

Associated with the discharge elevator mechanism E is the cooling. mechanism designated in its entirety by the letter I for chilling the and the sheet lowered into the furnace through glass sheets B upon withdrawal thereof from the furnace, while also associated with the discharge elevator mechanism E is the bending mechanism, generally indicated by the letter J for bending the glass sheets prior to cooling, if bent tempered glass is being produced. Although bending means has been illustrated in-the drawings and will be herein described in detail, it will be understood that the bending step may be omitted if it is desired to produce fiat sheets of tempered glass.

In operation, glass sheets B to be tempered are suspended from cars or carriers C on the external conveyor F and moved to the loading station G adjacent the charging elevator mechanism D. A carrier, with the attached glass sheet, is then moved onto the charging elevator the opening 3i. The top wall of the furnace is provided along opposite sides of the narrow slot 33 and the entrance and discharge openings 3| and 32 respectively with longitudinal track slide bars for supporting the carrier C upon lowering of the glass sheetwithin the furnace.

'I'he carrier C is then moved intermittently vthrough the furnace by the pusher means K to the discharge opening 32. Upon reaching said discharge opening. the carrier is lifted from the furnace by the discharge elevator `to bring the' glass sheet into position for being operated upon bythe bending mechanism J. After being bent, and while maintained in the same position, the glass sheet is adapted to be suddenly chilled by the cooling mechanism I to complete the tempering of the glass. yThe carrier and tempered glass sheet are then raised to bring said carrier into position where it canl be transferred from the discharge elevator onto the external conveyorF at the unloading station H. The tempered glass sheet can then be detached from the carrier and the empty carrier returned along the track 33 to the loading station G where another sheet to be tempered can be attached thereto.

Carrier lpusher means 1 its upper end with a rack 45 which is in engage'- ment with a pinion keyed to one end of a horizontal shaft 43.

Mounted upon the opposite end of shaft 43 is a gear engaging a rack portion formed on the underside of a pusher bar 5I. 'I'he pusher bar 5| is backed up above the gear by a roller 52 mounted at 53 on the channel pusher frame 54. The forward end ofthe pusher bar 5I is provided with a pusher nose, while the rear end thereof is provided with a spring-tensioned, slide pad 55 pivoted at 51 to the said pusher bar, said pad 56 engaging and sliding along upon the pusher frame 54 for centering. guiding,4 and steadying the pusher bar during operation thereof. When each succeeding carrier C is lowered by the charging elevator to rest upon the furnace slide bars above the entrance opening 3| of the furnace, the pusher means K is operated to cause the pusher bar 5I t0 engage the carrier and advance it, together with. the series of carriers ahead of it, along the furnace evenly and steadily and with a minimum ofvjarring to the glass track slide bars.

aseasea sheets suspended from the carriers. This is accomplished by introducing oil into the cylinder I! to force piston rod upwardly whereupon the rack I will rotate the pinion to turn shaft 48 and the gear keyed thereto. The gear, meshing with the rack portion of pusher bar 5| will move .said pusher bar forwardly, whereupon the pusher nose will engage the outer end of the carrier above the entrance opening 8| of the furnace and advance the same forwardly a suicient distanceto uncover the entrance opening so that another sheet may be lowered into the furnace. To return the pusher bar 5I to inoperative po sition, it is only necessary to draw the piston rod I4 downwardly to rotate the shaft 48 in the opposite direction. 'I'he pusher bar should of course be operated so as to avoid undue jarring of or shock to the carriers at both the beginning and end cf its pushing stroke. This may be accomplished by controlling thesupply of oil to the cylinder 42 so that the pusher bar will start forwardly at a relatively slow speed and its speed of movement gradually increased and then grad- .ually decreased at the end of the pushing stroke.

Glass carriers The carriers C provided for supporting the glass sheets B during tempering and certain parts associated therewith incorporate known features of design for avoiding glass handling diiiiculties and, in addition, are capable of being handled bars may be formed as rails and the carrier body member 58 provided with wheels to ride on such rails. However, the sliding arrangement shown is preferred for more effectively closing and sealing the furnace slot 30 and end openings 3| and 32.

Attached to and depending from the carrier body member 58, at opposite ends thereof, are vertical bars 60 which in turn support a substantially horizontal bar 6I, the upper face of which is preferably grooved. When a carrier C is positioned on the furnace track slide bars, thehorizontal bar 5I thereof is located within the furnace heating chamber 25. Carried by the horizontal bar 6| are tongs 63 of known design for suspending the glass sheet B in a vertical position, said tongs having portions received within the groove in the upper face of bar 6|.

lAlthough the glass sheets B are shown as being of a size and shape used for the rear lights of closed automobiles, it will be appreciated that the invention is not limited to the tempering of any Alternatively, the track slide aa it passes along the furnace and for centering the bars 88 thereof in the narrow furnace slot 8l. The furnace slot 88 is preferably only wide enough to permit free passage of the carrier bars 88, and the enlarged openings 3| and 32 at the ends of slot 38 are preferably only wide enough to permit entry of the tongs 88, suspending the glass sheets B, into and removal of the same from the furnace heating chamber 25.

Previously known glass handling carriers have incorporated some of the-general features just described, but the present invention also involves particular shape of glass sheetl because glass of `various sizes and shapes can be handled in the ing the outerv end of the body member 58 of the carrier.` Each carrier is also preferably provided with one or more lugs for guiding the carrier the supporting and transporting of the carriers on the external conveyor track F. For this purpose', each carrier C is also provided at its opposite ends with wheels 84 rotatably mounted on U- shaped bracket yokes 65 and adapted to engage `the inverted T-'shaped external conveyor track' 33. The yokes 65 are pivotally mounted on the carrier body member 58 yto permit horizontal rotation of the yokes as required by curvature in the external conveyor track I3.

Discharge elevator mechanisml centrally of the so-called elevator `shaft formed generally by the frame 10a.

The elevator car, generally indicated at 13a includes a pair of vertically movable, hollow slide rods 14a and 15a which slide through said guide bearings lla and 12a and to the upper and lower ends of which are secured the frame members 16a and 11a.

The elevator car 13a movesvertically between upper and lower limiting positions, Ythe lower position being shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and the upper position being shown in Fig. 1. vator car also has a third or intermediate position of rest when the glass sheet B on carrier C, being raised by the elevator car, is stopped for treatment at a bending and cooling station intermediate the limitsvof the discharge elevator car travel as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. At the intermediate station, the glass sheet is acted upon successively by the bending mechanism J and cooling mechanism I or by the cooling mechanism I only'if the sheet is not adapted to be bent.

Movement of the elevator car 13a is effected by an operating mechanism which includes a horizontally arranged hydraulic cylinder 18a mounted at 19a on the discharge elevator frame 10a near the upper` end thereof. A piston (not shown) operates in cylinder 18a and the piston rod'80a thereof is provided with a rack 81a backed up by a roller and engaging a pinion 83a mounted on one end of a horizontal shaft 84a extending at right angles to cylinder 18a. t

Two driven sprockets 85a are mounted onshaft 84a within the so-called elevator shaft and over which are trained the sprocket chains 88a. v These chains also pass under idler sprockets 81a mounted upon shaft 88a and over idler sprockets 89a carried by shaft 90a, Fig. 2; said shafts 88a and 88a being parallel with shaft 84a and also mounted upon elevator frame 10a. One end of each of chains 86a is secured to the lower car frame mem- The ele- 'I'he stopping of the discharge elevator car 13a at the third or intermediate position to bring the glass sheet B to rest at the bending and cooling station is automatically accomplished by apparatus including a hydraulic stop cylinder |26 (Figs. 2 and 3) mounted at |21 en the discharge elevator frame a near the top thereof in alignment with hydraulic cylinder 16a.

A piston (not shown) operates in cylinder |26.v and the piston rod thereof is provided with a ram head |29 which, when extended, will arrest the motion of rack Bla carried by piston rod 60a and thus prevent completion of the upward elevator stroke at a predetermined point associatedmountedadiaoenttotheinnerendofmrnace discharge opening 32. The'cullet van |4| is seder 16a and piston therein and bysupplying the sam'e hydraulic pressure to both cylinders when operating the piston in cylinder 16a.

Associated with the unloading station H and discharge elevator `mechanism E is a discharge elevator unloading mechanism. generally indicated at |30 (Figs. l, 2', 3, 12 and 13), and including a hydraulic cylinder |3| mounted -at |32 on aframe support I 33 extending from the discharge elevator frame 10a. A piston (not shown) operates in cylinder |3i, and the piston rod |34 thereof has secured to its outer end a pusher nose |35 which is also secured to an inverted T-shaped track guide bar |36 (Fig. 13). .The flanges of track guide bar |36 engage upper flanged rollers disposed at the unloading station H will be engaged by pusher nose |35 and discharged from the elevator car 13a onto the external conveyor track 33. In thus unloading a carrier C from the discharge elevator ca-r 13a, the car must of course be in the raised position shown in full lines in Fig. 1 and the carrier body member 55 is at that time in augment with unloading cylinder |3|.

Cullet pan The furnace discharge opening 32 is covered at certain times for several purposes to be later described, vand for accomplishing this there is provided a cullet pan |4| having wheels |42 which ride on rail members 43 supported on the furnace frame structure (Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4). The cullet pan |4| moves from a position above the furnace discharge opening 32 as shown in full lines in Fig. l, to a retracted position shown in broken lines in said ngure and in full lines in Fig. 3 to uncover said discharge opening. The operating mechanism for the cullet pan includes a vertically disposed air cylinder |44 mounted at |45 in a lower corner of the exit end of the furnace.

A piston (not shown) operates in cylinder |44 and the piston rod |46 thereof is provided with a rack |41 at its upper end which is backed up by a roller |48 and meshes with a piston |43 mounted on one end of a horizontal shaft |56. Keyed to the opposite ends of shaft 50 are sprockets |5| for driving sprocket chains il: which also pass over another set of sprockets i5 cured'by nngers |54 to the chains |52 whereby movement of the piston in cylinder |44 in one direction or the other moves the cullet pan to the two positions illustrated in Fig. l.

The cullet pan |4| is provided for covering the i Bending mechanism The bending mechanism J is located at the bending and cooling station intermediate the limits of travel of the discharge elevator car 13a within the -so-called shaft of the discharge elevator immediately above the furnace discharge opening 32. The bending mechanism J (Figs. l, 2, 4, 5, 6. 9, l0 and 11) is mounted in a subframe structure carried by the discharge elevator frame 10a and includes opposed wheeled I mold carriages |55 provided with detachable bending molds |51 of the desired curvature. The mold carriages |56 are each provided with upper wheels |56 and lower wheels |59 which engage and ride on trackways |60 and |60a. Each mold trackways |62. The wheel and track mounting of the mold carriages |55 just described maintains I alignment of the molds and exact matching thereof when operated.

The mold carriages |56 are actuated for reciprocating movement toward and away from one another by connecting rods |63 and crank shafts |64 having sprockets |65 thereon, said crank shafts |64 being 'also mounted in frame structure |55. yPassing around both sprockets |65 is a sprocket chain.` |66 preferably having its upper strand attached, as at |61, to the connected piston rods |65 and |69 of a pair of opposed single acting hydraulic cylinders |10 and respectively, which cylinders are also mounted on frame structure |55.

'I'he cylinders |10 and 1| are of such length Figs. l, 2, 5 and 6 toward each other to the closedk position shown in Fig. 4'and again to retracted position during said 360 degree rotation of the crank shafts |64. Of course, the next time the pistons in cylinders |10 and |1| are operated,

the piston rods |66 and |69 thereof move in the oppositedirection so as to again produce a 360 degree rotation of crank shafts |64 but in thev vharmonic motion of the molds.

aseasoa tha glass must not be subjected to excessively rapid bending, However, the bending operationmust be performed inea minimum permissible time. With this arrangement, the mold movement for the most part is quick and the molds are preferably moved to perform the bending operation and back to a retracted position within about two seconds.

Another advantage oi' the connecting rod and crank means for actuating the mold carriages |56 is that, upon rotation of the crank shafts |64, the molds |51 will be moved first slowly, then faster, then slowly toward each other into bending position, and immediately slowly, thenv faster, and then slowly away from each other to'a retracted position. Thus, it is preferred that the mold carriages |56 start relatively slowly toward each other and gradually accelerate to full speed. After somewhat less than 180 degrees of travel of crank shafts |64, and as mold carriages approach closed position, the rotation of the crank shafts is gradually reduced. The result is a gradual squeezing action of the glass between molds |51 followed by an immediate opening of the molds. As 360 degree rotation is approached, the speed of crank rotation is reduced so that the ilnal stop at the end of cylinder stroke may occur without' excessive shock. This operation of the molds results from the provision of the crank shaft and connecting rod drive and may be further controlled by the manner in which oil is supplied to the cylinders |10 and |1I,

In order to adjust the limits of movement of the mold carriages |56 toward each other, the connecting rods |63 may consist of spaced sleeve portions connected by the turnbuckle means |63 so that upon adjustment thereof the connecting rods may be shortened or lengthened as desired to vary the limits of movement of the mold carriages and molds toward each other.

The curved or bent sheets of glass resulting from the bending operation are indicated at BB in Figs. 4, and 7.

' Cooling mechanism The cooling mechanism I for suddenly cooling or chilling the glass sheet B after it has been bent to the desired curvature by the bending mechanism J is also mounted on the discharge elevator frame a and` is best shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8. -Such cooling mechanism includes a pair of curved air blower or blast heads` 12 having substantially the curvature of molds |51 and bent glasssheets BB (Figs. 6 and 7). The blast heads |12 are pivotally mounted at each upper corner thereof as at |13 upon crank shafts |14 carried in housings |15.

Y The housings |15 are secured to lower longitudinal box members of substantially rectangular support frames |16. Support frames |16 are each pivotally carried at the inner ends of upper supporting arms |11 and lower supporting arms |16, the outer ends of which are pivotally mounted to fixed discharge elevator frame 10a.

Thus, viewing Fig. 2, each support frame |16, arms |11 and |16, and elevator frame 16a form an approximate parallelogram` system movable between an upper limiting position shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4 and a lower limiting position shown in Figs. 5, 7 and 8. The parallelogram is said to be approximate because the distance between the pivotal mountings of arms |11 and |16 on support frame |16 is slightly greater than the distance between the pivotal mountings of said arms on 75 Sear Cases |95! shafts |96, sprockets '|91,` chains elevator frame 16a for a purpose to be later described. Y

Movement of the support frames |16, and therefora the blast heads |12 carried thereby, from the upper position shown in Fig. 2 to the lower position shown inFlg. 5 is effected by Operationof connecting rods |19 pivotally connected to upper support arms |11 and to'crank shafts |60.

Mounted at one end of each crank shaft |60 is a sprocket |6| and passing around both sprockets |6| is a sprocket chain |62 preferably having its upper strand attached at |63 (Fig. 3) to the piston rod |64 of hydraulic cylinder |65 mounted at |66 on discharge elevator frame 10a. The hydraulic cylinder |65 is of such length as to rotate crank shafts |66 through 180 degrees so that operation of the piston in cylinder |65 in one direcpossible after remova1 of the glass from the furnace. However, the bending operation must be performed before the cooling operation so that it is desirable to perform both bending and cooling at one station immediately above the furnace exit opening. In this way, it is possible to avoid an` other. movement of the glass while in a softened condition between the bending and cooling operations and which additional movement would tend to distort the bent sheet. It has been previously noted that the operation of the bending molds occurs in about two seconds and, as the bending molds are being retracted, blast heads |12 may be moved down.

In order to bring the blast heads |12 into proper position with respect to the bent sheets BB and also to the blast position as quickly as possible, the parallelogram previously referred to is made approximate rather than exact so as to enable the distance of mold travel to be reduced and therefore to save a fraction of a second'of time for the removal of the molds, thus permitting downward movement of the blast heads |12 (as the molds are being retracted) to the blast position previously occupied by the molds |51 a little quicker.

Each blast head |12 is preferably formed 'of an outer tubular frame member |61 having a series of perforated tubes |66 connected thereto from which a series of Ifluid, preferably air jets, are

. blown. The air is supplied to each tubular frame |61 by flexible tubes |69 leading from headers |90. Headers |96 are connected (not shown) together by piping |9| and to a suitable main air valve (not shown). i

' The air blast jets should not be directed constantly at certain spots on the glass sheets BB being cooled and therefore it is preferred that the jets be moving at all times when on. For providing such movement, each blast head |12 is gyrated or rotated in a small circle in the general plane of the blast head by the mounting on crank shafts |14. Rotation of blast heads |12 results by constantly rotating crank shafts |14 through a drive best shown in Figs. 7 and B and including sprockets |62, chains |93, sprockets |94, gears in cooling station.

In connection.

with the illustration of some mechanisms in certain of vthe gures of the drawings, some parts which would normally appear in those figures have been omitted so as to provide a clearer illustration ofthe particular mechanisms shown in such figures of the drawings. For example, in

many of the figures the frame structures have not been-shown fully. y

'I'he counterbalance 92a is provided forthe discharge elevator E to reduce the necessary oper- V ating effort and to keep the' operating chain 80a tight on the sprockets.

Likewise, the pusher ber si is centered, guided,v

along external conveyor track I0, in turn, until' 'I'he discharge elevator car lla is then raised to "up position and discharge elevator unloading mechanism |30 operates to transfer carrier C from the discharge elevator car onto the external conveyor track 23 at the `discharge elevator unloading station H. The carrier C is then moved either manually or by suitable mechanical means the convenient station is reached where the bent heat treated `sheet BB is removed from said carrier. Thereafter,v a new sheet is suspended therefrom and the carrier is 'ready to again'move through the apparatus in the manner .lust de-l scribed. However, the improved apparatus does notj handle only one carrier C at a time but handles a plurality of carriers at all times'when in operation. 'I'hat is to say, during. the substantially continuous operation ofthe improved apparatus there is a carrier C at practicallyeach staand steadied during'operation thereof so that lit so tion of progress through the---apparatus'sothat will engage a carrier C above the furnace entrance opening vand advance it, together with af, series of carriers C ahead of it, along furnaceA evenly and steadily and with a minimum of jarring to glass sheets suspended from the carriers.

The operation of the improved apparatus for handling and heat treating gl-ass may be best described and understood by first briefly outlining the movementof a particular carrier C' from which a glass sheet B is suspended through the apparatus and by then outlining thecycle of operation of the apparatus.

' Movement of carriers 'Ihe carriers C are preferably manually moved along the external conveyor track 33 from the` several operations of the-tempering cycle can be carried out at onetime and-with a minimumv lapsed time per operation whereby maximum prol duction from the apparatus may be obtained.

Cycle of operation l l are momentarily at rest with, discharge-elevator r car Y13a in down" position engaging wheels Il of a carrier C located at discharge opening 22 of discharge elevator unloading station H to charging elevator loading station G. The bent temheating furnace A. these steps are as follows:

Stepl 1.-The discharge elevator car 'lla then moves upwardly by operation of cylinder 'Ila y until stopped by the ram head of stop cylinpered glass sheets BB are removed from carriers C at some convenient place either at one of said stations or between the same; and glass sheets lB to be tempered are suspended from carriers C at some convenient place either at one of said stations or between the same along the external conveyor track 33.

A particular carrier C with a glass sheet B suspended therefrom is manually moved to a position somewhat as shown by the carrier at loading station G in Fig. 1,'where said carrier is loaded onto the charging elevator car by a, suitable loading mechanism. The charging elevator car then de- 'scends to down position to introduce the glass sheet B, suspended from said carrier C, into the heating chamber 25 of furnace A through the furnace entrance opening 3 I.

At 'the proper time, furnace pusher means K operates to advance the carrier C along furnace A together with all other carriersahead of said carrier C in the furnace. 'When -said carrier becomes, through successive operations of furnace pusher means K. the forward carrier of the series of carriers from which glass sheets B are suspended in heatingfurnace chamber 25; and is located at furnace discharge opening Q2, the discharge elevator car 13a at the proper time descends to down position and engages said car- Tiel' C.

'I'he discharge elevator car 13a then raises until glass sheet B is'located at the bending and cooling station, whereupon bending mechanism J operates to bend the'xlass sheet to the shape indicated atBB andV immediately the cooling mechanism I operates to chill the bent glass sheet BB suspended from said carrier at the bending and der |26. At this time, the glass sheet B on"carrier C will be suspended at the bending and cooling station. A Y Step 2.Bending mechanism J operates to move molds |51 toward each otherto effect bending of the glass sheet. B (Fig. 4) to shape BB and then return to open position shown in Fig. 6 by operation of cylinders |10 and III. .At the same time, cullel; pan` |4| moves into the position shown in full lines in Fig. l by operation of air cylinder |44.

l Step 3.-.'I'he blast heads `|`|2 of cooling mechnism I then move -downwardly to the position shown in Fig. A5 by operation of cylinder |05. The

- blast heads are then rotated or-gyrated by motor Step 4.-,Furnace pusher meansv K retracts by operation of cylinder 42.

Step '5.-The chargingelevator car lowers to the down position.

` cooling station to "up Step 6.--Charging elevator car raises to up position.

Step 7.-A carrier Cfrom loading station G is transferred onto charging elevator car.

Step 8.- Blast heads |12 of cooling mechanism I are raised to position shown in Figs. 2 and 4 by operation of cylinder |80.

Step 9.'-The ram headv |29 retracts'or moves to left (Fig. 2) by operation of stop cylinder |20 permitting discharge elevator cylinder 10a to raise Ldischarge elevator 13a from bending. and i position shownin Fig. l. Step IIL-Discharge elevator unloading mechanism |20 moves carrier C from discharge elevator' ear 1ra to unloading Y ofcylinderl. f

station H by operation Step 11.-Discharge elevator unloading mechanism retracts by operation of cylinder I Il.

Cullet pan MI moves out to the position shown in broken lines in Fig. 1 by operation of air cylinder i,

Step 12.Discharge elevator car 13a lowers to down. position by operation of cylinderfila. Discharge elevator ram head `I2lmoves out to "stop" position shown in Fig. 3 by operation of stop cylinder |28.

In certain ilgures of the drawings, which are general views, the parts of more than one of the related mechanisms are shown; and for illustrative purposes they are shown in positions which they are not in coincidentally. Thus, in Fig. l, the charging elevator mechanism D is shown with the .elevator car thereof in "down position and the discharge elevator mechanism E is shown with the elevator car 13a thereof in -up position. Referring to the above cycle of discharge elevator car is at the intermediate bending and cooling station.

It is to be understood that the form of the invention herewith shown and described is to be taken as the preferred embodiment of the same.

and that various changes in the shape, size and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope oi' the subjoined claims.

1. In apparatus for bending ing mechanism including opposed mold carriages, molds carried by said carriages, means for mount.. ing said carriages for reciprocating movement toward and away from one another, means for reciprocating said carriages with a substantially continuous motion, comprising a crank shaft associated with each carriage and mounted for rotary movement through 360 degrees to move said molds into and out of bending position, connecting rods between each carriage and its associated crank shaft, and means for simultaneously rotating each crank shaft continuously in one direction through 360 degrees.

2. In apparatus for bending glass sheets, bending mechanism including opposed mold carriages, molds carried b-y said carriages, means for mounting said carriages for reciprocating movement toward and away from one another and for maintaining alignment and matching of said molds upon reciprocation of .said carriages, means for nesting rods between each carriage and its associated crank shaft, and means for simultaneously rotating each crank shaft continuously in one direction through 360 degrees 3. In apparatus for bending glass sheets, bendglass sheets, bendr rotary movement through 380 degrees to move said molds into and out of bending position, connecting. rods between each carriage and its` asso'- ciated crank shaft, means for simultaneously rotating each crank shaft continuously in one direction through 360 degrees, and means associated with said reciprocating means for adjusting the limits of movement of each carriage toward the other. i

4. In apparatus for bending glass sheets, bending mechanism including opposed mold carriages, molds carried by lsaid carriages, means for mounting said carriages for reciprocating movement toward and away from one another and for maintaining alignment and matching of said molds upon reciprocation of said carriages, means for reciprocating said carriages with a substan- .tially continuous motion, comprising a crank shaft associated with each carriage and mounted for rotary movement through 360 degrees to move said molds into and out of bending position, connecting rodsbetween each carriage and its associated crank shaft, means for simultaneously ro tating each crank shaft continuously in one direction through 360 degrees, and means associated with said reciprocating means for adjusting the limits of movement of each carriage toward the other.

5. In apparatus for bending glass sheets, bending mechanism including opposed mold carriages, molds carried -by `said carriages, means for mounting said carriages' for reciprocating movement toward and away from one another and means for moving said carriages nrst slowly, then faster, then slowly toward each other to bring the molds into bending position, then slowly, then faster and then slowly away from each 'other to a retracted position with a Asubstantially continuous motion comprising a crank shaft associated with each carriage and mounted for rotary movement through 360 degrees, connecting rods between each carriage and its associated crank shaft, and means for simultaneously rotating each crank shaft continuously in one direction and at a constant speed through 360 degrees.

6. In apparatus for bending and tempering glass sheets, means for supporting the sheet heated vto a temperature approximately the softening point of the glass in a vertical position,

bending mechanism including opposed mold caring mechanism including opposed mold carriages,

molds carried by said carriages, `means for mounting said carriages for` reciprocating movement toward and away from one another, means for reciprocating said carriages with a substantially continuous motion, comprising a crank shaft associatcd with each carriage and mounted for riages, molds carried by said carriages, means for mounting said carriages for reciprocating-movement toward and away from one another to bend said sheet lbetween said molds to the desired curvature, means for reciprocating said carriages; and cooling mechanism including opposed cooling elements mounted above said bending mechanism for movement into cooling position at opposite sides of the glass sheet, and means forl moving said cooling elements downwardly into said cooling position to eifect cooling of the said sheet after it has been bent between said molds and the said molds have been moved out of contact with the sheet surfaces.

7. In apparatus `for bending and tempering glass sheets, supporting means engaging the sheet adjacent its upper edge at points separated from each other for suspending said sheet heated to a temperature approximately the softening point of the glass in a vertical position, bending mechanism including opposed mold carriages, molds carried by said carriages, means for mounting said carriages for reciprocating movement toward one another to bring said molds into engagement 5 with opposite surfaces of said sheet to bend the same therebetween to the desired curvature and for then moving the said molds out of contact with the sheet surfaces, means for reciprocating said carriages; and cooling mechanism including said coolingposition after the said sheet has been bent between said molds and the said molds have been moved out of contact with the sheet surfaces, and means for supplying air under pressure to said blast heads to effect cooling of said sheet.

8. In apparatus for bending and tempering glass sheets, supporting means engaging the sheet adjacent its upperv edge at points separated from each other for suspending said sheet heated to a temperature approximately the softening point of the vglass in a vertical position, bending mechanism including opposed mold carriages, molds carried by said carriages, means for mounting said carriages for reciprocating movement toward I one another to bring said molds into engagement with opposite surfaces of said sheet to bend the sa'me therebetween to the desired curvature and for then moving the said molds outof contact with the sheet surfaces, means for reciprocating said carriages; and cooling mechanism including opposed blast heads arranged above said -bending mechanism and mounted for swinging movement into cooling position at opposite sides of said sheet inwardlyof said molds when the said molds have been moved out of contact with the sheet surfaces, and means forswin'ging said blast heads downwardly and inwardly into said cooling position to effect cooling of said sheet as soon as the sheet has beenv bent between said molds and the molds moved out of contact with the sheet surface and for subsequently swinging said blast I, heads upwardly and outwardly out of cooling position.'

. 9. In apparatus for bending and tempering glass sheets, supporting means engaging the sheet adjacent its upper edge at points separated from each other for suspending said sheet heated to a temperature approximately the softening point of the glass in a vertmal position, bending mechanism including opposed mold carriages, molds carried jby said carriages, means for mounting said carriages for reciprocating movement toward one another to bring said molds into engagement with opposite surfaces of said sheet to bend the same therebetween to the desired curvature and for then moving the said molds out of contact with the sheet surfaces, means for reciprocating said carriages; and cooling mechanism including opposed blast, heads arranged above said bending mechanism, means for mounting said blast heads for swinging movement into cooling position at opposite sides of said sheet inwardly of said molds when the said molds have been moved out of contact with the sheet surfaces, means for swinging said blast heads downwardly and inwardly into said cooling position to eiect cooling of said sheet as soon as said sheet has .been bent and the bending molds moved out of contact With the sheet surfaces and for subsequently swinging said blast heads upwardly and outwardly out of cool- 

